1872-1943

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转道(1872-1943) 长老被佛教学界誉为“星洲佛教鼻祖”、“狮城佛教的奠基者”，是中国最早一批赴新加坡弘法建寺法师之一。转道长老是二十世纪上半叶新加坡的主要华人社群——福建漳泉裔的精神领袖，长期担任新加坡福建裔的领导机关——天福宫的住持，也是中国汉传佛教的领导人物，曾任厦门南普陀寺、漳州南山寺等名刹大寺的住持，在早期新加坡佛教传播过程中，转道长老功绩卓著。

 

Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao (1872-1943), a leading figure in Chinese Buddhism, is one of the first Venerables from China to propagate the Dharma in Singapore. As an early pioneer, he made significant contributions toward the propagation, practice, and spread of Buddhism on the island.

Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao was not only the Abbot of the Tianfu Temple, but also the spiritual leader of the Fujian and Changquan communities in Singapore in the first half of the 20th century.

Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao was also a well-known Buddhist leader in China, having served as the Abbot of famous temples, such as the Nanputuo Temple in Xiamen and the Nanshan Temple in Zhangzhou.

1872

1872年农历十一月二十二，转道长老出生于福建南安（现属福建省泉州市晋江桐林乡），俗姓黄，出家后法名“海清”，字“转道”。

转道长老出自“紫云黄氏”，其先祖黄守恭于唐垂拱二年(686)舍宅建“紫云寺”，即后来著名的“泉州开元寺”。

 

 

Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao was born in Nan’an, Fujian (now under Tonglin Township of Jinjiang in Quanzhou city, Fujian province) on the 22nd day of the 11th lunar month in 1872. He was born into the Huang family and acquired the Dharma name Hai Qing alias Zhuan Dao.

During the Tang Dynasty, Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao’s ancestor, Huang Shou Gong, built the “Ziyun Monastery” in Quanzhou, presently known as “Kaiyuan Temple”.

1890

1890年，转道长老与父亲黄依及赴漳州南山寺礼喜修上人为师，同时落发为僧，随后与曾南普陀寺住持兼闽南佛学院的创立者——会泉长老同坛受戒。

 

In 1890, Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao and his father, Huang Yi Ji, went to Nanshan Temple in Zhangzhou. Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao became a novice monk under the guidance of Venerable Shi Xi Xiu.

Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao later received Higher Ordination at the same altar as Venerable Shi Hui Quan, the then Abbot of Nanputuo Temple and founder of Minnan Buddhist College.

1892

1892年剃度恩师喜修上人圆寂，转道长老前往南安雪峰寺，受教于临济宗喝云派佛化长老。

 

In 1892, after the passing on of his ordination master, Venerable Shi Xi Xiu, Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao moved to Xuefeng Temple in Nan’an, where he learned the teachings of Chan Buddhism from Venerable Shi Fo Hua of Linji School.

1893

1893年，转道长老前往镇江金山寺等多地参学，同参者有圆瑛、会泉、虚云等民国僧界领袖，并一同受到了严格的禅修训练。

 

In 1893, Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao together with Venerables Shi Yuan Ying, Shi Hui Quan, Shi Xu Yun and other leaders of the monastic community, went to several places, including Jinshan Temple in Zhenjiang to study, as well as practise strict meditation.

1904

1904年起转道长老发愿朝拜四大菩萨道场，先后朝礼五台山三次，普陀山二十多次，并了解了中国各地佛教的发展情况。是年秋，转道长老由北京领回《乾隆大藏经》，护送回漳州南山寺

 

Since 1904, Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao vowed to pay homage to the four great Bodhisattva temples. He fulfilled his vows by making three pilgrimages to Wutai Mountain and more than twenty to Putuo Mountain. It was via these pilgrimages that he learned about the development of Buddhism throughout China.

In the autumn of the same year, Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao received the “Dragon Tripitaka” sutras from Beijing, and he escorted them back to Nanshan Temple in Zhangzhou.

1905

1905年，转道长老任厦门南普陀寺监院，募捐督造建成了南普陀寺的放生池，并对南普陀后山的普照寺进行重修。

 

In 1905, Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao became the Chief Administrator of Nanputuo Temple in Xiamen. He raised funds to construct an “animal liberation” pond in Nanputuo Temple and saw to the restoration of the Puchao Temple (located behind Nanputuo).

1906

1906年，虚云法师邀请转道长老一起前往北京，向清廷求请《乾隆大藏经》，转经南洋返回云南供养。虚云法师重建鸡足山迦叶道场，自1904至1920年，转道长老以其在南洋的影响力号召华人各界向鸡足山捐款。

 

In 1906, Venerable Shi Xu Yun invited Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao to travel to Beijing to request the Qing court for the “Dragon Tripitaka” sutras. The sutras were then presented to Yunnan via Southeast Asia.

Venerable Shi Xu Xun also embarked on the rebuilding of the Mahākāśyapa bodhimandala at Mount Jizu. Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao came to Singapore from 1904 to 1920 to raise funds for Mount Jizu.

1907

1907年，转道长老中兴厦门金鸡亭普光寺，出任此寺住持。

 

In 1907, Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao became the Abbot of Puguang Temple, Jinjiting, Xiamen.

1912

1912年，转道长老出任漳州南山寺下院—厦门养真宫住持。

 

In 1912, Venerable Sik Zhuan Dao became the Abbot of Yangzhen Gong in Xiamen — a temple related to Nanshan Temple in Zhangzhou.